Rb and Sr Geochemical Characterization of the Chinese Loess Stratigraphy and Its Implications for Palaeomonsoon Climate   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

CHEN JunDepartment of Earth Sciences  Nanjing University  Nanjing WANG Yongjin  Department of Geography  Nanjing Normal University  Nanjing CHEN Yang  LIU Lianwen  JI Junfeng Department of Earth Sciences  Nanjing University  Nanjing  LU Huayu Xi ''an State Key Laboratory of Loess  Quaternary Geology  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xi ''an 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(2):279-288

Concentrations and distributions of Rb and Sr in loess and palaeosol samples from the Luochuan profile have been studied, in grain-size fractions and chemical forms. Results show that Rb is quite rich in the fraction of less than 2μm, and exits only in the residual phase, while Sr is distributed in sand and silt fractions, occurring in the residual and carbonate phases. Therefore, variations of the concentrations of Rb and Sr in loess and palaeosols are closely related not only to dustfall compositions depending on winter monsoon wind strength but also to summer monsoon-induced pedogenic intensity. This indicates that variations of Rb/Sr ratio in Chinese loess sequences represent cyclic alternations of East Asian summer and winter monsoon climates on the orbital time-scale. Variations in Sr concentrations along the sequence bear a high similarity to the oxygen isotope record of the deep sea sediments over the past 2.5 Ma, whereas variations in Rb concentrations are in good agreement with the record of  相似文献   

青藏高原比如地体与措勤地体相对古构造位置判别     

李本亮  张永军  夏邦栋  孙岩 《大地构造与成矿学》2000,24(1):38-43

本文采用蚀源区判别图解QFL和QpLsLv、微量元素图解Th -Co -Zr/10、常量元素图解K2O/Na2O -SiO2 和野外地质实测剖面等方法 ,对比如、措勤地体的构造演化进行了分析。发现并证实了在T3-J1 以前比如地体位于措勤地体的北部 :J2 -3 时随着班—恕缝合带的拉张 ,比如地体开始右旋向东滑动 :一直延续到J3-K1 时 ,班—怒缝合带闭合 ,比如地体才就位于目前位置。最后应用1/ZTR指数推测了比如地体在J2 -3 时滑移点的大致位置 (E90°49,N31°34)。  相似文献   

吸附对土壤水环境中有机污染物生物降解过程的影响研究   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

刘凌  崔广柏 《水科学进展》2000,11(4):401-407

在土壤水环境系统中,吸附作用是影响有机污染物生物降解过程的主要制约因素。污染物的吸附性越强,则其存在于土壤水溶液的重量百分比就越小,生物降解可能性也就越低。本文建立了定量描述吸附作用对有机污染物在土壤颗粒内部传输过程影响的数学模型。通过模型计算发现,有机污染物的土壤-水吸附分配系数Kd越大,则其从土壤颗粒内部传输到外部水溶液的速率就越小,总的降解速率也就越低。  相似文献   

Magnetostratigraphic Study of Meishan Permian-Triassic Section, Changxing, Zhejiang Province, China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Meng Xiaohong Hu Chaoshun Wang Weimin Liu Haiyin Department of Applied Geophysics  China University of Geosciences  Beijing  China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(3)

INTRODUCTIONBecause many P/ T boundary sections around the worldare stratigraphically unconformed,som e possible exceptionsdeveloped in Greenland,Iran,Russia and South China are ofcourse of international importance.Especially successive sedi-ments from the L ate Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic widely ap-peared in South China,for example,the Meishan Section inChangxing County,Zhejiang Province,and som e analogies inGuangyuan,Wulong and Shangsi counties,Sichuan Province.Some geologists…  相似文献   

Estimation of Scalar Source/Sink Distributions in Plant Canopies Using Lagrangian Dispersion Analysis: Corrections for Atmospheric Stability and Comparison with a Multilayer Canopy Model   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

R. Leuning 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2000,96(1-2):293-314

Source/sink distributions of heat, water vapour andCO₂ within a rice canopy were inferred using aninverse Lagrangian dispersion analysis and measuredmean profiles of temperature, specific humidity andCO₂ mixing ratio. Monin–Obukhov similarity theorywas used to account for the effects of atmosphericstability on _w(z), the standard deviation ofvertical velocity and _L(z), the Lagrangian timescale of the turbulence. Classical surface layer scaling was applied in the inertial sublayer (z > z_ruf)using the similarity parameter = (z - d)/L, where z is height above ground, d is the zero plane displacementheight for momentum, L is the Obukhov length,and z_ruf 2.3h_c, where h_c iscanopy height. A single length scale h_c, was usedfor the stability parameter 3 = h_c/L in the height range 0.25 < z/h_c < 2.5. This choice is justified by mixing layer theory, which shows that within the roughness sublayer there is one dominant turbulence length scaledetermined by the degree of inflection in the windprofile at the canopy top. In the absence of theoretical or experimental evidence for guidance,standard Monin–Obukhov similarity functions, with = h_c/L, were used to calculate the stabilitydependence of _w(z) and _L(z) in the roughness sublayer. For z/h_c < 0.25 the turbulence length and time scales are influenced by the presence of the lowersurface, and stability effects are minimal. With theseassumptions there was excellent agreement between eddycovariance flux measurements and deductions from theinverse Lagrangian analysis. Stability correctionswere particularly necessary for night time fluxes whenthe atmosphere was stably stratified.The inverse Lagrangian analysis provides a useful toolfor testing and refining multilayer canopy models usedto predict radiation absorption, energy partitioningand CO₂ exchanges within the canopy and at thesoil surface. Comparison of model predictions withsource strengths deduced from the inverse analysisgave good results. Observed discrepancies may be dueto incorrect specification of the turbulent timescales and vertical velocity fluctuations close to theground. Further investigation of turbulencecharacteristics within plant canopies is required toresolve these issues.  相似文献   

Aquifer response to stream-stage and recharge variations. II. Convolution method and applications     

P. M. Barlow  L. A. DeSimone  A. F. Moench 《Journal of Hydrology》2000,230(3-4):211-229

In this second of two papers, analytical step-response functions, developed in the companion paper for several cases of transient hydraulic interaction between a fully penetrating stream and a confined, leaky, or water-table aquifer, are used in the convolution integral to calculate aquifer heads, streambank seepage rates, and bank storage that occur in response to stream-stage fluctuations and basinwide recharge or evapotranspiration. Two computer programs developed on the basis of these step-response functions and the convolution integral are applied to the analysis of hydraulic interaction of two alluvial stream–aquifer systems in the northeastern and central United States. These applications demonstrate the utility of the analytical functions and computer programs for estimating aquifer and streambank hydraulic properties, recharge rates, streambank seepage rates, and bank storage. Analysis of the water-table aquifer adjacent to the Blackstone River in Massachusetts suggests that the very shallow depth of water table and associated thin unsaturated zone at the site cause the aquifer to behave like a confined aquifer (negligible specific yield). This finding is consistent with previous studies that have shown that the effective specific yield of an unconfined aquifer approaches zero when the capillary fringe, where sediment pores are saturated by tension, extends to land surface. Under this condition, the aquifer's response is determined by elastic storage only. Estimates of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity, specific yield, specific storage, and recharge for a water-table aquifer adjacent to the Cedar River in eastern Iowa, determined by the use of analytical methods, are in close agreement with those estimated by use of a more complex, multilayer numerical model of the aquifer. Streambank leakance of the semipervious streambank materials also was estimated for the site. The streambank-leakance parameter may be considered to be a general (or lumped) parameter that accounts not only for the resistance of flow at the river–aquifer boundary, but also for the effects of partial penetration of the river and other near-stream flow phenomena not included in the theoretical development of the step-response functions.  相似文献   

Evidence from Ar/Ar Ages of Individual Hornblende Grains for Varying Laurentide Sources of Iceberg Discharges 22,000 to 10,500 yr B.P.     

Sidney R. Hemming  Gerard C. Bond  Wallace S. Broecker  Warren D. Sharp  Mieczyslawa Klas-Mendelson 《Quaternary Research》2000,54(3):372

The abundance and lithic content of ice rafted detritus in glacial North Atlantic sediment cores vary abruptly on millennial time scales that have been correlated to Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles in the Greenland ice cores. There is growing evidence that various ice sheet outlets contributed increased iceberg fluxes at multiple discrete intervals, and the relative timing of iceberg discharges from different sources is important for understanding interactions between oceans and ice sheets. We present a provenance study based on ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dates of individual hornblende grains from 20 samples taken at 600 to 700 yr spacing between 10,500 and 22,000 yr B.P., from Orphan Knoll core EW9303-GGC31. Heinrich layers are characterized by a dominant Paleoproterozoic hornblende provenance consistent with published studies. A change in provenance between Heinrich events H2 and H1 indicates contributions of iceberg calving from the Newfoundland and southern Labrador margins. Between H1 and the Younger Dryas interval, Paleoproterozoic ice rafted grains remained dominant. The dominance of Baffin Island (or Greenland?) sources to the ice rafted detritus is ascribed to the retreat of the southern Laurentide ice sheet at about the time of H1—a retreat that isolated Newfoundland and southern Labrador ice from the shelf-slope boundary.  相似文献   

现代地壳运动与地震监测预报研究的现状和发展趋势   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

王静瑶  吴云 《地球科学进展》2000,15(1):84-89

综述了近年来美国、日本的GPS连续观测系统和INSAR空间测地技术在现代地壳运动和地震监测预报研究中的应用现状和发展趋势。  相似文献   

现代测绘与数字地球──迎接21世纪的挑战     

叶其江 《地理信息世界》2000,(1)

本文简要介绍了现代测绘性质、作用、地位及本学科的发展方向;较为详细叙述了现代测绘的主要技术的发展状况及 ３Ｓ集成的广阔应用前景;简述了数字地球的概念及其主要支撑技术、与现代测绘关系,及现代测绘的主要任务;在迎接２１世纪的挑战中,提出一些建议,供研究参考。  相似文献   

A Comparison of Growth Biomarkers for Assessing Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on a Marine Gastropod, Nassarius festivus     

K. T. WO  PAUL K. S. LAM  RUDOLF S. S. WU 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):165-173

The effect of cadmium on the growth of an intertidal marine gastropod, Nassarius festivus, was investigated using a number of biomarkers namely conventional measurements in terms of increase in shell length or body weight, scope for growth (SfG) and RNA/DNA ratio. After eight days of cadmium exposure, the no observable effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest observable effect concentration (LOEC) for the rate of increase in wet weight were 1.00 and 1.38 mg/l, respectively, while those for shell length did not show any significant difference from the control until day 16. After 16 days of cadmium exposure, the LOEC for both shell length and wet weight measurements was 0.22 mg/l. The 8-day SfG test was sensitive to cadmium stress, showing a significant decrease at 0.16 mg/l cadmium when compared to the control. The NOEC and LOEC of RNA/DNA ratio determination were 0.52 and 0.93 mg/l, respectively. An assessment based on sensitivity and technical complexity suggests that Scope for Growth is the most sensitive growth biomarker, followed by the RNA/DNA ratio, and then the conventional growth measurement based on shell size and body weight.  相似文献